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| Norton, Hertfordshire ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Norton, Hertfordshire
Norton is a small village in Hertfordshire, one of the three original villages which were absorbed into Letchworth Garden City, the other two being Willian and Old Letchworth. The village is known to have existed by 1007,〔Giles, D 2003 ''Norton before the Garden City.'' Second edition. The Print Factory, p 11〕 with remains of the medieval settlement visible as earthworks in a field beside the church. However, the history of the village goes back even further than that.〔Turner, C 1995 ''Norton Archaeological Background.'' Available from (Norton Community Archaeology Group website as a PDF download )〕
==History of Norton==
Archaeological excavations in Norton have revealed evidence of human activity in the area going back to before around 3000 BC.〔Moss-Eccardt, J 1988 'Archaeological Investigations in the Letchworth Area, 1958-1974' in ''Proceedings of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society'' 77, 35-103, p 44ff〕 People lived at different sites in the village during the Neolithic, Bronze and Iron Age, with continuity into the Roman period. Anglo-Saxon occupation is evident from a small cemetery discovered at Blackhorse Road in 1957〔Moss-Eccardt, J 1971 'An Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Blackhorse Road, Letchworth, Hertfordshire' in ''Beds Archaeological Journal 6, 27-32〕 and a settlement discovered at Kristiansand Way in 1989, thought to be the lost site of ''Rodenhanger''.〔Matthews, K J & Burleigh, G R 1989 'A Saxon and early medieval settlement at Green Lane, Letchworth' in ''Hertfordshire's Past'' (26) (Spring 1989), 27-31〕 It was during this latter period that the first written evidence about Norton appeared. A charter relating to Norton dating from AD 1007 is the earliest document to survive, recording its donation to the Abbey of St Albans and claiming that it had originally been given by Offa, King of Mercia, in the eighth century, together with ''Rodenhanger'', a lost site said to ''lie together with'' Norton. The manor appeared in the ''Domesday Book'' of 1086, when it was listed among the lands belonging to the Abbots of St Albans. The records of the manorial courts, which date from AD 1244, give an extensive overview of the life of Norton's villagers during the medieval period. Following the Dissolution of St Albans Abbey in 1539 the manor of Norton passed into private hands, but its manorial courts continued to record the activities of its villagers until 1916.
The village church, the Church of St Nicholas, dating back to the early twelfth century AD, is dedicated to St Nicholas, and has eight light bells hung for change ringing. Since the construction in the same parish of the much larger St George's church in the town, St Nicholas's has become a chapel of ease. It is still used regularly from Easter to October, and is very popular for wedding ceremonies.
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